You know all about the importance of a great resume. It’s the document you need to get a great job, and a great job can lead to a great life. That’s why we’ve compiled 20 resume tips to help you write (and design) this critical job-search document.
Resumes come in all shapes, sizes, styles and lengths. And let’s face it – many of them are terrible. So what are the basic tips on resume writing? What makes a good resume and what should you avoid?
Here’s what we’ll cover in this comprehensive blog on tips for resume writing:
If you do this job right, hiring managers should say, “Oh, wow, I have to talk to this person immediately.” If that’s the reaction you’re looking for, read on for our top 20 resume tips, as well as some sound advice on structure, design and layout to help you build your resume.
You need to figure out what to say before you figure out how to say it. And that starts with knowing what the employer wants, because you’ll never catch any fish if you’re using bait they don’t like.
Employers know what they’re looking for, and they usually spell this out explicitly when posting a job listing. What you need to do as a job applicant is to make the language of your resume match the help-wanted ad as closely as possible.
One reason this resume tip is so important is because of Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS), which rank resumes according to whether or not they contain the keywords an employer is looking for. The place to find these keywords is in the job posting. This is also why you should tailor your resume for each employer, changing it up each time you apply for a job in order to highlight the qualifications that each employer is seeking.
How many pages should a resume be? A resume should usually be one page only, though two pages is sometimes considered OK if you have a lot of experience in your field.
So what are the five main things your resume should include? It should be structured as follows, with these five components:
Here's another tip for resume writing: These elements don’t necessarily have to be in this order. If you have little or no experience because you’re still in college or just got your degree, education can come before employment history. In rare cases, employment history can be left out entirely if you have none, though it’s best to include one with at least internship or volunteer experience.
In many resume designs, the skills list appears in a margin under the contact info, fairly high on the page. In others, it appears at the bottom, and in still others, it appears somewhere in the middle.
Most experts say you should leave references off your resume, or if the employer requests them, they can be included in a separate document. Do not include the phrase “References available upon request.”
The header is the space at the top of the resume that contains the following contact info and resume tips to ensure you get these right:
Your header needs to be attractively designed and laid out, with smart use of typography, white space and perhaps an accent color. The same is true of the rest of your resume, and we’ll talk more in a bit about how to pull this off.
Here is an example of a header aligned along the left side of a resume:
The summary, also known as a profile, personal statement or job objective, is probably the most challenging part of the resume to write. These few lines of text under the header should serve as both a professional self-portrait and an “ elevator pitch,” making a compelling case that you are the right candidate for the job.
Economy of words is key. You do not need to say what your name is, as this already appears in large type in the header, and you do not even need to use the word “I” – or to use complete sentences. If you start off with “Senior UNIX engineer with 12 years of experience,” the hiring manager will know you’re talking about yourself.
The summary should describe your occupation, your qualifications and perhaps the type of job you’re looking for, if that’s not immediately obvious. If your entire summary talks about being a child-care provider, you don’t need to say you’re looking for a job as a child-care provider. But if your summary describes several past occupations, it may be necessary to clarify what kind of job you’re seeking.
Use strong adjectives and action verbs, both in describing your personal traits and in relating what you did at past jobs. If your educational credentials or certifications are a selling point, mention them too. You can also list some of your most marketable skills.
But won’t the rest of the resume be dedicated to your work history, education and skills? Yes, and that’s why this is called a “summary.” Find your strongest selling points and highlight them here, using the most persuasive writing possible.
List the relevant jobs you’ve held in your field for the past 10 to 15 years, providing the name and location of the company, your job title and the years you worked there. Then include some bullet points below each one that focus on your most impressive achievements at those jobs.
Avoid saying “Was responsible for” or “Duties included” and focus on what you actually accomplished. Be specific, using facts and figures like revenue growth, customers served, employees you supervised, etc.
If you’ve held lots of jobs, you don’t have to list them all. But if your work experience is thin, look for opportunities to mention internships or volunteer experience.
In most cases, work experience should be listed in reverse chronological order – current or last job first, and first job last. But if you’ve had a nontraditional career path, if you’re a freelancer or contractor or if there are gaps in your work history, you may be better served by the functional format, which groups past work by job category rather than along a timeline.
List your educational achievements also in reverse chronological order – highest degree first. Include the institutions you attended, the degree you earned and the years you studied.
You can also include bullet points under each of these – for an exceptional grade-point average, membership in honor societies or other distinctions.
But if you have a lot of work experience and many years in the workforce, your education is less important and should be given less space. On the other hand, if you have little work experience because you’re just finishing school, you should consider beefing up this section and perhaps putting it first.
If you have a postsecondary degree, there is no need to mention the high school you attended, though it does no harm if you have room.
Include a list of your most marketable hard and soft skills. Hard skills are job-related technical talents like computer programming, dog grooming or expertise in preparing gourmet dishes in a busy kitchen. Soft skills are non-technical talents like managerial abilities or time management.
Beware of cliches, which are sadly common in skills sections. Many resume writers list “ Communication skills,” but these are mentioned so often that these words have become fairly meaningless. Do not say you are a “ Team player” who “Thinks outside the box.” Avoid “fluff,” which is language that sounds impressive but says nothing. Reach deep into your vocabulary to find ways of saying things that recruiters haven’t seen a thousand times before.
Notice that five resume components, not six, are mentioned above. Header, summary, employment, education and skills – that’s all you need, and you should think twice before you decide to include anything else.
What should you avoid in your resume? Some resume advisers will tell you it might be a good idea to include a section for your “ Hobbies and interests,” but this is usually a bad idea. If you have hobbies that are relevant to the job you’re seeking, then you can consider this. But every section of your resume should be dedicated to describing skills that demonstrate why you are good at your occupation, so steer clear of anything irrelevant.
An attractive resume communicates that you are a professional and serious candidate before the hiring manager even reads a word on the page. (And in case you’re wondering, in most cases a “resume” is the exact same thing as a “resume,” although the word resume is more common in North America and the word resume is more common elsewhere.)
Resume templates serve as frameworks, blueprints or skeletons with sample text that you can modify to your own experience. The resume builder will automatically take care of the formatting for you.
Resume.io offers dozens of resume templates to choose from, as well as 300+ occupation-specific resume writing guides and examples. Find a resume example you like, click on it, and you’ll be guided through the simple steps to make it your own. By doing so, you can save yourself a lot of time and also sidestep some common design errors.
As mentioned earlier, a two-page resume is sometimes considered appropriate for a job applicant with lots of work experience. But the golden standard is one page, and no job recruiter has ever complained that a one-page resume was too short.
However, if you do decide to write a two-page resume, you need to have enough material to fill most of the second page. It is never appropriate to have just one to three lines that spill over onto a second page. If that happens, you need to trim your text. We’ll discuss some strategies for doing that below.
Fonts matter, so use one that’s professional and easy to read. See our blog on best fonts to use in a resume. We’ll show you the good, the bad and the ugly, and you can make an informed decision from there.
There are several factors to consider in choosing the best font for your resume, but you want hiring managers to focus on the content of your resume, not the unusual font you’ve chosen.
Use a font size between 10 and 12 points. Any smaller, and the hiring manager will have to reach for a magnifying glass; any larger, and it looks like you’re writing a children’s book.
But if your resume won’t fit on one page and you’re tempted to force it by using a tiny font size, don’t even think about it. Trim your text by taking out every word that isn’t essential.
Have you ever noticed that paintings look better with frames? Frame your resume in white by leaving one-inch margins on the left, right, top and bottom. Do not force your resume to fit on one page by using tiny margins.
Leave a space between your header and summary, between your summary and your employment history and between every other two sections. Do the same between the jobs listed under the work history and the schools listed under education. (If necessary, you might be able to get away with a half-space within subsections like these.)
Text should be aligned left, not justified from margin to margin. This style, known as “flush left” or “ragged right,” makes each line of text end in a slightly different place (like the text you’re reading now). This gives the eye a break and makes the text easier to read.
This is an obscure rule, and one that’s often broken, but the text that follows bullet points does not need a period at the end unless it’s a complete sentence. And in a resume, the text that follows bullet points will almost never be complete sentences.
So plan out leaving out the periods, and in addition to pleasing style purists, you will give your resume a cleaner, less cluttered look.
Normally you should be nice to widows, but not when it comes to typography. In typesetting, widows are defined as very short lines of text – typically a single word – that appear in the last line of a paragraph (or a bullet point).
A widow leaves too much white space between paragraphs, and more importantly for resume writers, it eats up too much vertical space in a document where vertical space is precious. For example, a journalist might write in a bullet point:
The word “day” is a widow that will make the resume one line longer, which is not a good idea if you’re trying to hold your resume to one page. But by trimming just a small amount of unnecessary text, you can usually eliminate widows, as follows:
Bullet lists can also be problematic if they contain a short amount of text but each item takes up a full line. For example, a journalist’s skills section might say:
But this takes up six lines and leaves big spaces on the right side of the page. Solve this problem by breaking the bullet points into two columns:
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Now this list takes up only three lines, and it gives this section a more balanced look because the text is distributed evenly and is not crowded to the left.
“White space” is a term used to describe the parts of a page that contain nothing at all, and it’s vitally important to good design. Every once in a while, the eye and the brain need a break, and that’s what white space is for.
Good page designers will tell you not to “trap” white space but to “push it to the outside.” This means you don’t want big white holes in the middle of your document, but you do want them toward the outside. This is why you want to leave one space between resume sections, but not three – because those three would create trapped white space.
So if your resume should end up being a little short, do not space it out internally by adding extra returns between sections. You’re better off putting an extra return or two at the top and bottom – or using slightly larger margins.
In line with the above resume tip, you want a document where all the elements are balanced and evenly distributed on the page. You don’t want a bunch of text at the top and nothing at the bottom or for the bulk of your text to be on the left with very little on the right.
Your resume should look great at arm’s length, before anyone reads the first word, and this is achieved by striving for a balanced look.
We all make mistakes. But here are some of the most common mistakes on a resume that you should avoid at all costs:
For more resume tips, take a look at this video on “Resume Tips: 3 Steps to a Perfect Resume” by career coach Andrew LaCivita:
Best of luck at finding your next job with these market-tested tips for resume writing! And if you like to save time then use our online resume builder with the best resume templates!